Suvorov Life Biography

Having traveled from a traveler soldier to Generalissimus, he participated in seven large wars and, as a commander, did not lose a single battle.

Thanks to his mind, talent and courage, the Russian Empire was able to win several wars and significantly expand its borders. His name became a symbol of victories, strategic genius and invincibility of Russian weapons in the 18th century. Alexander Vasilievich Suvorov was supposedly born on November 26 according to some information, a year in the family of an officer, the future general-general.

Most researchers are inclined to the future commander was born in Moscow. Suvorov’s most probable place of birth can be a house on Arbat, near Silverny Lane, which the Suvorov’s spouses received as a dowry from the father of the bride, Fedosey Manukov. The house has not been preserved to this day. The father of Alexander, Vasily Ivanovich, was the godson of Peter the Great and was considered one of the educated people of his time.

Most likely, the ancestors of Suvorov were not only Russians, but also the Swedes and, possibly, Armenians. According to the family legend, the Suvorov’s ancestor was Swede Suvor, who received Russian citizenship in the city of Alexander, Avdothy Manukova, extremely little information was preserved. According to the most common version, her father, vice president of the estate collegium, belonged to the old family of the Moscow service nobility.

Some historians also made assumptions about the Armenian origin of his surname. The portrait of A. Suvorov in childhood, an unknown artist, father always dreamed that his son, named after Alexander Nevsky, would continue the military biography of the family. But, looking at a weak and painful boy, he believed that a military career was not for him. Young Suvorov himself, however, began to show a tendency to military affairs early and was fascinated by his father’s stories about great battles and commanders.

He independently decided to develop himself, strengthen the body and spirit and acquire the knowledge necessary for the officer. This was facilitated by a beautiful library, which V. Suvorov gathered on his estate. Having barely learned to read, Sasha was not interested in children's fairy tales, but by artillery and fortifications. Tradition says that the situation was changed by the meeting of Alexander Suvorov and his father, General Hannibal's father.

Arriving to visit the Suvorov, in their rustic estate, Abram Petrovich was amazed at the knowledge of the boy in military affairs and convinced Suvorov Sr. not to prevent his son’s enthusiasm, but to give him the opportunity to reveal his talent in a military career. Whether this meeting has actually happened, now it’s hard to say. Perhaps this is just a beautiful legend, like many others who accompanied the illustrious commander throughout life.

Since the father was very maximed with his son’s entry into the regiment, then, unlike most of the nobles of that time, Alexander late received an officer rank. He himself passionately wanted this and therefore 9 years of such a life was his joy. Despite the noble origin, the young Suvorov did not avoid black work, did not trust anyone to care for personal weapons and ammunition. He was little interested in theaters, balls and comradely pyrches.

Studying the biographies of the great commanders, Suvorov already in his youth realized that no matter what a brilliant commander was, simple soldiers are going into battle, the outcome of the battles depends on them. The study of a simple Russian soldier and his life in the army was devoted to the years of Suvorov’s service in the lower ranks. The order of the lieutenant was assigned to him at 24, when others were already rushing to the generals.

Soon the seven -year war began - the first pan -European war, in which the Russian Empire was to become one of the main participants. Suvorov’s father, by that time, served in the military collegium analogue of the modern Ministry of Defense, and Alexander got his transfer to the war. But there he was disappointed, as he was determined in the intensive care unit.

He dreamed of great battles and glorious victories, but was forced to engage in supplies of food and fodder. Apparently, his father, who looked after an intensive care, still did not believe that a real warrior would come out of his son. Only three years later, Suvorov finally managed to transfer to the army. He was appointed an officer on duty under General Fermor.

But he still did not participate in hostilities - his functions were limited to reports to the headquarters. Everything has changed in the city of the Kolberg fortress during the seven -year war A. Cocebu, he decided to give Suvorov a team over the consolidated detachment of a light cavalry, with whom he committed the first exploits - covered the Russian troops with a departure to Breslau, attacking the Prussian troops non -stop.

When Kolberg was taken, his detachment contributed to P. Rumyantsev’s siege corps, forcing General Plataen to retreat. Already in the very first fighting fights, Suvorov showed many of his combat qualities: exceptional energy, determination, the ability to correctly find a weakness of the enemy and attack him with lightning speed. Another characteristic feature of Suvorov was completely revealed here: personal fearlessness.He rushed into the most dangerous places of bayonet fighting, armed with a thin sword, and more than once injected it stunned by such an impudence of the enemy soldier.

Suvorov ended the seven -year war for Lieutenant Colonel. And soon Empress Catherine, who captured the throne in the year, in her desire to rely on the young but already famous participants in the Seven Years War, of course, was Suvorov, made him a colonel. Then he wrote his work “Regimental Institution” - a set of rules according to which educational work with soldiers should be carried out, their combat training, as well as the requirements for the conditions of the internal service.

In it, Suvorov outlined his own idea of ​​the war. Fighting not by number, but by skill is one of the main Suvorov theses. The meaning of the innovation of Suvorov was, on the one hand, in the restraint of order in military training, on the other, the education of high spiritual and moral qualities. Both factors in the consideration of Colonel Suvorov should equally influence the increase in the coherence and effectiveness of military operations.

Meanwhile, a new danger matured on the western border of the Russian Empire: the oppression of the Orthodox dissidents intensified in the Commonwealth. To protect his fellow believers in November, during the Polish campaign, Alexander Vasilievich defeated two enemy detachments, scattered the army of Marshal Oginsky and, finally, took Krakow. For successes in military affairs, Suvorov was promoted to Major General.

Delivery of Krakow castle. French officers give A. Suvorov the swords of engraving R. Kyufner from the drawing of I. to the Russian-Turkish war of the GG. Suvorov, under the leadership of the Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Army, Count Rumyantsev, makes the next vivid victories-Turtukai fortress takes twice with small forces and makes a decisive contribution to the victory in the battle of Kozludzhi the territory of Bulgaria.

Towards the end of this war, Suvorov receives the rank of general general. Battle of Kozluji. Having beaten off the attack of the Turks, Major General Suvorov on his own initiative led the cavalry into intelligence, and then burst into the fortress of Turtukai and took possession of it. For the arbitrariness shown, they were going to recover him, but the empress considered it inappropriate.

In the period gg. During this period, Suvorov shows that he is effective not only as a military leader, but also as a competent manager and politician. In the city of the great commander, he was unhappy in family life. Suvorov married at 43 years old. His chosen one was the summer Barbara Prozorovskaya, belonging to the impoverished, but still influential noble family.

At first, she steadfastly accompanied her husband in the sites of service, gave birth to her daughter Natalia. But then she took her love for social life - they increasingly began to notice it in the company of officers. Suvorov tried to divorce, but without convincing evidence, he could not change this, although he believed that the born son Arkady was not from him.

As a result, the couple began to live separately. The son Alexander Vasilievich eventually admitted - the external similarity was obvious - and even took it on the summer campaign. In the m name Suvorov thundered during the battle of the city of Kinburn. It was there that he was first seriously wounded. This victory brought the commander a serious reward - the Order of Andrei the First -Called.

Alexander Vasilievich received a second injury during the battle in Ochakovo, where the troops under his leadership stormed the Turkish fortress. At the beginning of G., together with the Austrian troops, Suvorov won the battle of the Fokshany July, and in early September again receives a request for help from the Austrian commander of Prince Koburg - the thousandth Turkish army of Yusuf Pasha was approaching his corps.

The exchange of messages between the prince and Suvorov went down in history. In a note sent by the Austrian commander, a map of the battle at Rymnik said: "Save us." The answer of the Russian commander was even more concise: "I go." The decisive battle occurred on September 11 22 at Rymnik Modern Romania, when the thousandth army of the Russian-Austrian military defeated the Turkish army exceeding them by four times.

In honor of this victory, Alexander Vasilievich was erected into the count's dignity with the name Count Suvorov-Rymniksky. The crushing defeat at the Rhmnik largely predetermined the outcome of the whole war. Until its end, the Turks no longer undertook a major offensive on the left bank of the Danube. In M, Suvorov again confirmed his title of an outstanding commander, when the Turkish fortress of Izmail was in front of him, before that is absolutely impregnable.

This battle became historical, in importance it is not inferior to Poltava and Borodinsky. Suvorov, commanding the entrusted troops, in this war was under the leadership of the favorite of Catherine the Second - Prince Potemkin, with whom he had difficult relationships, so the undoubted merits of Alexander Vasilievich, who made decisive contribution to the victory of the Russian Empire in this war, were not fully evaluated.

The capture of Izmail by Russian troops under the command of Anthef General A. Suvorov on December 11 M. Ivanov, in the year Suvorov takes part in the suppression of the Polish uprising, under the leadership of Tadeusz Kostyushko.