Nartov Andrey Konstantinovich Biography

The main articles are the first and for the first time the Russian mechanic and inventor the Russian mechanic and inventor-Andrei Konstantinovich Nartov was born in Moscow on March 28. He was one of the nuggets-inventors, noticed and brought on a wide road by Peter I. He invented and built more than thirty machines of the most different profiles that were not in the world.

He made a number of inventions that most important for Russia in the field of artillery weapons. For the first time, Nartov’s name is mentioned in the city in the same tower on the earthen shaft and a turning workshop was also placed. It is there that young Andrei Nartov from the GG. There, Peter I noticed him. At his instructions in Nartov, he was transferred to St. Petersburg and appointed the “personal turner” of the king.

The turning machines at that time were almost entirely wooden. The beam that had to be sharpened was clamped. The turner held the cutter in his hands, with all his might, pressing it to the bar. I had to sharpen by eye. It was Nartovo who came up with the idea of ​​freeing his hands to the Tokarya, to fix the cutter. It took several years to embody this plan. In Nartov, he created a universal turning pan with an automatic caliper.

Nartov goes abroad "to look at turning and other mechanical affairs." He visited Prussia, England, France, everywhere acquainted with technical innovations. On behalf of the Russian emperor, the inventor presented some reigning persons and important dignitaries constructed by him. Europe did not know such machines, therefore, among Nartov’s students were the Prussian emperor Friedrich-Wilhelm I and the President of the Paris Academy of Sciences J.

Machines, first introduced to Nartovo practice in the Citybook. Abroad, the structure with similar calipers managed to reproduce in the UK only in the GG. At the end of January, the Russian throne is occupied by his wife Catherine I. In the GG. Nartov makes all his strength to preserve the Petrovskaya turning, but the omnipotent A. Menshikov does not allow him to continue his work.

During the life of Peter I, more than once, the Narts witnessed the king’s anger and reprisals with the “brighter” for abuse and theft, and, apparently, therefore, Prince Menshikov could not forget this to the royal mechanics. The President of the Academy of Sciences Schumacher also in every possible way prevented his work. Nartov was removed from the courtyard and sent to Moscow to establish the work of mint.

A year later, from Moscow to St. Petersburg, they reported: "The deserted yards are brought into the state." C to gg. Nartov creates a number of original stamping presses, is working on a book about cars and tools for the monetary yard. Unfortunately, this work has not yet been found. Checking the scales and weights in three Moscow coin courtyards, Narts found that the scales had no accuracy, and there was no single standard for weights.

Narts invents the scales of its design, requires the creation of a single state standard of weight. In fairness, Nartov should be considered the founder of domestic metrology. Nartov still managed to return to St. Petersburg, where he settled on the 10th line of the Vasilievsky Island. Working on new types of cars, in the city of constantly fighting Russia, it was so important that even the Senate drew attention to the work of a talented mechanic.

Nartov was made in the rank of college adviser, he was twice the salary. Since September, Nartov has been an adviser to the Russian Academy of Sciences. He worked with such outstanding scientists as L. Ayler and M. on the Kronwerk of the Peter and Paul Fortress Narts built secret chambers. Even the Arsenal workers were not allowed here, inside the new cannon yard. Here Nartovs organized workshops for the manufacture of guns, howitzers, mortar.

A school of military-technical specialists was even created. Nartov tirelessly prepared Russian artillery masters. The former royal turner became the first artillery engineer. His invention is a quick -firing battery. Nartov installed a horizontal circle on a cannon fare, strengthened 44 mortars on it, shooting three -pound shells. The circle is slowly turning - while some mortars shoot, others are cleaned, charged.

This battery can be seen now. She stands in the building of the St. Petersburg Military Historical Museum of Artillery, Engineering and Communications forces. Life was the new technology of restoration of artillery guns and shells proposed by Nartov, who were considered unsuitable.

Nartov developed a method for processing bombs and nuclei with “crests and cones” so successfully that thousands of shells were returned into service. He also invented a way to seal through cracks in the trunk of guns, howitzers and mortar. Nartov with his assistants knocked about 30 thousand. Extremely valuable and new for his time is also an optical sight invented by Nartov.

Nartov’s military-technical successes gave such an amazing economic effect that it was impossible not to admit them. In addition, he was unsubscribed to several villages in the Novgorod district. Nartov was promoted to the General Chin of the State Advisor. From g.Nartov worked on the book “Theaterum Makhinarum” or “Clear Spectacle of Machines”, where he summarized his experience in creating machine tools.

The manuscript contained a description of 34 machines with detailed drawings. It was a truly fundamental engineering work, which was not equal in the world. Work on the book was completed by Nartov shortly before his death. He died in St. Petersburg on April 16, after his death, there were large debts due to the fact that he invested a lot of personal funds in his scientific research.

The audit office decided to take away the debts from Nartov’s children to the small villages from Nartov’s children. Even in the “brilliant age of Catherine” there was no attempt to at least somehow note the memory of the talented inventor, develop his undertakings, take care of the students, and print his literary heritage. The manuscript of the book “Theaterum Makhinarum” was never published.

The grave of Nartov was lost, and only in the city of the same year the remains of the former tsarist turner, an outstanding engineer and scientist, were transferred to the Lazarevsky cemetery of the Alexander Nevsky Lavra and buried a source next to the grave M.: Andrey Konstantinovich Nartov [Electronic resource]: [article]. Text: Direct. Giza M.

Voronezh, pl. Lenin, 2.