Biography of Mandelstam Parents

Latest news biography Osip Emilievich Mandelstam - Russian poet of the twentieth century, essayist, translator and literary critic. The poet’s influence on the modern poetry and the work of subsequent generations is multifaceted, literary critics regularly arrange round tables on this subject. Osip Emilievich himself spoke about his relationship with the literature surrounding him, admitting that he "sails to modern Russian poetry." Osip Mandelstam in childhood the work and biography of Mandelstam as a representative of the Silver Age is studied in schools and universities.

Knowledge of the poet’s poems is considered a sign of personality culture along with the knowledge of Tolstoy or Pushkin's work. In Warsaw, on January 3, a boy was born in a Jewish family. He was called Joseph, but later he will change his name to Osip. Father Emil Mandelstam was a master of gloves, a merchant of the first guild. This gave him the advantage of living outside the settledness.

Mother Flora Ovseevna was a musician. She had a great influence on her son. In maturity, Mandelstam will perceive the art of poetry to family music. After 6 years, the family leaves Warsaw to St. Petersburg. Osip enters the Tenishevsky school and studies there for a year. This school is called the "forge of cultural personnel" at the beginning of the 20th century.

There he spends two years. Mandelstam meets Gumilyov, passionately fond of French poetry and epic. It is read out by Francois Viyon, Baudelaire and Verlain. And in the intervals between trips to Paris, Vyacheslav Ivanov attends poetic lectures in St. Petersburg, comprehending the wisdom of versification. During this period, Mandelstam writes a touching short poem “tender more tender”, dedicated to Tsvetaeva.

This work is significant for the poet’s work as one of the few representatives of love lyrics. The poet rarely wrote about love, Mandelstam himself complained about “love of love” in his work. In the year, Emil Mandelstam suffers financial difficulties, so Osip can no longer study in Europe. For admission to the University of St. Petersburg, he is baptized at the Protestant pastor.

From this year, up to the break, his studies at the Romano-German department of the Historical and Philology Faculty lasts. He does not study too diligently and does not receive a diploma. Subsequently, he considers friendship with them one of the greatest successes in life. He begins to be published in the magazine "Apollo" back in the year and continues in the magazines "Hyperborea" and "New Satyricon".

In the block, he learns and shows sympathy for acmeists, replenishing their group. He becomes a participant in the meetings of the "workshop of poets." In the year, Mandelstam writes one of his most famous poems “Insomnia. Tight sails. " Literature The debut book of Osip Mandelstam was called "Stone" and was reprinted in, and years with different content.

At this time, he leads a violent poetic life, being in its epicenter. As Osip Mandelstam reads his poems, one could often hear in the literary and artistic cabaret “Wandering Dog”. The period of "stone" is characterized by the choice of serious, heavy, "harsh-Tyutchev" topics, but ease of presentation, reminiscent of verlene. Petrograd, a year after the revolution, popularity comes to the poet, he is actively published, collaborates with the newspaper "People’s Commissariat" and travels around the country, speaking with poems.

During the civil war, he had a chance to escape with the White Guards to Turkey, but he chose to stay in Soviet Russia. At this time, Mandelstam writes the poems “Phone”, “Twilight of Freedom”, “Because I could not hold your hands to keep the mournful elegy in his second book“ Tristia ”in the year - this is the fruit of the experienced unrest caused by the revolution and the First World War.

The face of the poetics of the Tristy period is fragmented and paradoxical, this is the poetry of associations. In the year, Mandelstam writes the prosaic work “The noise of time”. From the year, Mandelstam takes a poetic pause. He makes a living mainly with translations. Writes prose. During this period, Mandelstam creates the story "Egyptian Mark". In the year, the last collection of the poet "Poems" and a collection of articles "On Poetry" are published.

In Erivan, he meets scientist Boris Kuzin, who had a great influence on the poet. And, although Mandelstam was almost printed anywhere, he writes a lot in these years. It turns out his article "Journey to Armenia." Upper row: N. Mandelstam, N. Lower Row: O. Mandelstam, M. Voronezh, a year upon returning home, the poet writes the poem “Leningrad”, which Mandelstam begins with a winged line “I returned to my city, familiar to tears” and in which he admits love to the native city.

In the X years, the third period of Mandelstam’s poetics begins, in which the art of a metaphorical cipher is dominated by. She was born in the year in Saratov in a Jewish family who accepted Orthodoxy. At the time of meeting with Mandelstam, Nadezhda had an excellent education. They met in the cafe "H. Everyone spoke about them as a clearly in love pair. The writer Deche writes in memoirs how Nadezhda went with a bouquet of water lilies next to Osip.

In the year they marry.She does not leave him during the years of persecution, having left for him in exile. Arrests and death in the year, according to Pasternak, Mandelstam actually committed an act of suicide by reading an anti -Stalinist work in public. After the poet became a witness to Crimean hunger, Mandelstam wrote the poem “We live under us without sensing the country”, which the listeners called “the epigram on Stalin”.

Of the one and a half dozen, there were those who came to the poet. The poet Osip Mandelstam with a foreboding of future repressions was the poem “For the rattling valor of the future centuries ...”, in which Mandelstam described the tragic fate of the poet. On the night of May 14, he was arrested with subsequent reference to the Cherdyn of the Perm Territory.

There, despite the support of his wife, he already makes a real attempt to suicide, throwing himself out of the window. Nadezhda Mandelstam is looking for ways to save her husband and writes to all instances, friends and acquaintances. They are allowed to move to Voronezh. There, in complete poverty, they live up to a year. After the end of the link, they return to Moscow. The poet’s poetry poetry, called the “well -wishers” of obscene and slanderous, are discussed at the level of the People’s Commissar of the Interior and the Writers Union.

The clouds were thickened, and in the year Mandelstam was again arrested and sent to the Far East by the stage. He died of typhoid and, together with other unfortunate people, was buried in a mass grave. The burial place of Mandelstam is unknown.