Milk biography

Gabrielle Bonno de Mabli Mably, Gabrielle Bonno de-French philosopher-mod, communist-utopian, political writer, historian; The older brother of Eten Conadillac. Podoprigora, A. Mabli Gabrielle Bonno de - - French historian and political thinker. Mlaus gave a sympathetic characteristics of the communist system, which, in his opinion, existed at the dawn of human history; He considered the emergence of private property the cause of all social vices, and the system based on it - contradicting the natural equality and social instincts of people.

However, Mabeli believed that a return to communist order was impossible, and put forward an equalizing program for mitigating property inequality. Mabels recognized the right of the people to a revolution in the case when people are convinced that they are obeying unjust, unreasonable laws. However, he considered the revolution not a prerequisite for the achievement of the communist ideal, but only a means of solving a limited circle of problems.

Mabli was not a consistent socialist-utopian, although pl. The main work is “On the legislation, or the principles of laws” the philosophical dictionary. Ed. Mabli Mably Gabrielle de March 14, Grenoble-April 23, Paris is a French historian and utopian socialist. The older brother of the condigal. Born in a noble family and was preparing for a spiritual career, but then refused it, and later from public service.

The work of Mabli on History and Policy contributed to the spread of revolutionary ideas in France and beyond. In Russia, during his lifetime, his essay “Reflection of Greek history, or the causes of the prosperity and misfortune of the Greeks” was published in the translation by A. responding to the request of B. Franklin and J. Adams Mabel wrote a book about the laws and management of the United States.

According to Mabli, the laws of society must comply with the laws of nature, therefore the principles of natural law are the main criterion for assessing historical phenomena. Private property destroyed the well -being of a person, but it is impossible to restore the previous “system of community”, the task is only to reduce inequality. Macles believed that, defending their freedom, the people have the right to both war and the revolution.

Khololia is a new philosophical encyclopedia. In four volumes. Stepin, A. Huseynov, G. Mablu Mablu Gabrielle Bonno de Brother E. The basis of the views of Mabli on society lay the theory of social contract and natural law. Initially, according to Mabel, public life was based on collective land ownership. This system was destroyed as a result of the emergence of private property, which became the main source of all the misfortunes of mankind.

Macles believed that although the “system of community” of property meets the principles of reason, it is impossible to restore it. The only possible way, according to Mabli, is a decrease in property inequality, achievable by limiting needs and suppressing luxury. A modest life with a community of property creates virtuous and happy people. Mabel's communism is ascetic communism.

Mabels recognized the people as the bearer of the supreme power and the right to change the existing rule, justified the revolution and the civil war when they were directed against violence and despotism. The ideas of Mabli contributed to the ideological preparation of the Great French Revolution. Philosophical Encyclopedic Dictionary. Ilyichev, P. Fedoseev, S. Kovalev, V.

Works: Collection Complete des Oeuvres, t. Literature: Marx K. Mabli Mably, Gabriel Bonnot, de was born in a noble family, studied at the Jesuit College and Seminary, then refused a spiritual career and served four years at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. In the year he left the public service and devoted further life to scientific studies. In the year, the convention of revolutionary France, paying tribute to the Mabel, decided to transfer his ashes to Pantheon.

Initially, claimed Mabli, public life was based on collective land ownership. This system was destroyed as a result of the emergence of private property, which was the main source of all misfortunes that oppress humanity. A modest life with a community of property creates virtuous and happy people. The communism of Mabli is ascetic communism. Macles believed that it was impossible to restore the previous "community system".

In a society, divided into rich and poor, there is no power capable of implementing a social ideal. It is practically only possible to reduce property inequality. Macles believed that the people are a "carrier of the supreme power." He has the right to oppose the authorities if they violate the rights of citizens to freedom and happiness. Mabli justified revolutions and civil wars when they were directed against violence and despotism.

Mabli was a supporter of the republican system, but believed that the path to the republic should be gradual. In countries with a long -standing monarchical system, he allowed the preservation of the monarchy, subject to the deprivation of the king of real power and its concentration among representative institutions.Having positively assessed the American Constitution of the year, Mabels condemned property inequality in the United States.

Mabli did not see in the history of the logical process. The guideline for the historian, according to Mabli, should serve as knowledge of natural law and laws of politics based on the laws of nature. This gives a measure to evaluate historical facts. The works of Mabli contributed to the ideological preparation of the French bourgeois revolution of the late 18th century.

Baböf and Buonarroti referred to the communist ideas of Mabli. Mabli was well known in Russia. One of his works was translated into Russian by Radishchev "Reflections on Greek history or the causes of prosperity and misfortune of the Greeks", St. Petersburg,; publ. Radishchev, Paul.

In the history of social thought, Mabel entered primarily as one of the early representatives of utopian communism. Soviet historical encyclopedia. In 16 volumes. Gabrielle Bonno de Mabel born to the nobleman, the Mabel of the brother of the famous French philosopher Condillac had all the possibilities for a successful career. At first, everything seemed to go exactly the way his family wanted.

Having received a good education in Lyon, Mabel goes to Paris, where an influential relative arranges him in a privileged theological seminary. But unexpectedly, the Mabel leaves her and returns to her native Grenoble to take up the study of ancient literature. True, shortly after the Mabli crossed the summer line, he is again in Paris. All the same relatives suits him in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.

For several years, Mabli acts in this field. Before him opens the path to rapid advancement along the service ladder. But in the city of Mabli, the ministry leaves in order to never return to the service again. He even refuses such an honorary position as the teacher of the heir to the throne, because he would have to teach the dofin that "kings are created for peoples, not peoples for kings." He refuses to make a mate and join the Academy: this would require a speech in honor of Cardinal Richelieu and in the future he leads a secluded life of a modest, limited in human means.

However, the four -year service near the royal court could not pass without a trace for the observant and critical mind of the Mabel: an absolutist autocracy looked disgusting from a close distance. No, not such a state is needed by people! And what? The view of the Mabli turns to the democratic institutions of ancient Greece. Moreover, only the “communist” orders of antiquity are fully consistent with, in his opinion, “human nature” and “natural laws”.

The whole further life of Mabli is a tireless literary activity. It is clear that in the then France, where the authorities brutally strangled any manifestation of free thought, to publish works that criticize absolutism, and even more so to promote the ideals of the communist structure of society was difficult, and even impossible. Mabel publishes a significant part of his works in Geneva and Amsterdam.

Some of them were printed only after the Great French Revolution, when the author was no longer alive. As a political writer, Mabel gained European fame. And not only European. For example, the last book, which was published shortly before his death, “Notes on the Management and Laws of the United States of America,” was written in response to the request of two major politicians of the United States, V.

Adams, to inform your opinion about the Constitution of this country. The works of Mabli were also known in Russia; One of them was transferred to the city