Biography of spruce

Decorative trees and shrubs of an ordinary spruce is common - a desired tree in every garden. This is a truly family tree-the traditional attribute of the New Year and Christmas. It is unpretentious and has many interesting varieties of spruce. Photo: Patrick Pleul, Globallookpress. In nature, reaches 50 m in height. Its straight trunk can reach 1 - 2 m in diameter.

The top of it always spruce, the branches grow horizontally or arched upward upwards. The bark is red or gray. The needles are short, 15-20 mm long, bright green or dark green, with a characteristic aroma. Although we are talking about coniferous, as evergreen plants, in fact, needles have its own life time: in spruce it lasts a maximum of 6 to 12 years on a tree.

Ordinary spruce is the most common coniferous plant in Russia, the main forest -forming breed. In nature, you can meet trees for more than - years old. The cones in the spruce of ordinary oblong, cylindrical. During their lives, they change the color from red to green, and as they ripen, become brown. The seeds thanks to the wings are easily spread by the wind. The crop ripens every 3 to 4 years, but old cones can hang on a tree for more than one year.

In different cultures, spruce is considered a symbol of eternal life, courage and fidelity. But in Rus' she was never planted next to the house - this was considered a bad sign. All because she is good ... burns. And if suddenly a fire occurred in some house, the tree flashed like a match, it fell and spread fire to other houses. But now it is willingly planted in many areas: dwarf varieties and non -combustible materials for construction have appeared.

Varieties ate ordinary but now ordinary spruce is very popular in landscape design due to frost resistance, shadowiness, and most importantly - a variety of varieties. Nidformis nidformis. Refers to the dwarf subspecies of spruce. This compact beautiful plant has long won its place in small gardens. A bush with an original flat-rounded in young trees is nesting, a very dense crown of thin branches with light green needles in height reaches only 1-1.2 m and 2.5 m in width.

But to these sizes, he needs to grow for a long time - after 10 years, the spruce will barely be 40 cm. It is undemanding to the soils, although it develops better on fresh wet soils. It is successfully growing both in full light and in partial shade. The variety was introduced into culture at the beginning of the 20th century. It is used by landscape designers in rocky gardens and low borders 1.

There is a positive experience in growing nidformis in containers. Acrocon Acrocona. One of the most picturesque varieties, known since the end of the 19th century. Its improper wide columnar shape of the crown, asymmetric and ardently hanging branches give the garden lightness. An adult acropone reaches a height of 3 m with a crown width of up to 3 m.

Dark green needles are short, holding on branches up to 12 years. The real decoration of the tree is the numerous beautiful large cones, originally growing at the ends of the shoots. At first they are bright red, then drill. Acrocon spruce Acrocona. Photo: Jagel, Globallookpress. In landscape design, a single plant is valued as a solider. It is often used to create rocky and Japanese gardens.

Inversa Inversa. One of the most interesting variations on the theme of "weeping spruce." It was found in England in the year. A tree with a narrow crown, falling branches that form a train on the ground. It is grown as a slowly growing shrub on the support, or vaccinated on a high stem. Dear branches fit tightly to the barrel, so even in an adult tree, the diameter of the crown does not exceed 2.5 m.

Inversa inversion spruce. Photo: Pixabay. He loves bright places, but is able to grow in partial shade. The soil prefers moist, nutritious, tolerant is both sour and alkaline. In landscape design plays the role of a spectacular tapeworm. He began to actively sell from a year. The low -growing, slowly growing, gains 2 m of height by the age of 30, but barely reaches 1 m.

The crown is beautiful, dense, kegle -shaped or conical. It looks very elegant and spectacular at the beginning of the growth of shoots, which, against the background of dark green paws, stand out with yellow-orange growth. And in the summer, young shoots differ in color-they are light green. He needs soils well -drained, moderately fertile. In the landscape design of small gardens, it is used as a tapeworm and in groups, as a second -plan plant.

Little Jam Little Gem. One of the smallest and slowly growing spruce mutations. Discovered in the 10ths of the last century in Holland. The crown is pillow, thick, the branches are short, slightly raised. The needles are delicate, thin, dark green. In the spring, against this background, a young increase with bright green needles looks very impressive. By the age of 10, the Christmas tree grows to a height of only 20 cm.

And after 50 cm, its growth stops. A characteristic feature of this dwarf is never blooming. In landscape design, it is used in miniature and small gardens, in rockers and scree, spectacular in containers.Continue to continue to plant the spruce with an ordinary rule: before buying a seedling, it is necessary to clearly determine the place of landing, realizing what size the plant will be in 10 to 20 years.

If it are not the plants that easily tolerate transplantation. For plants with a closed root system of the ZKS, the best planting time is from mid -April to October, for seedlings with an open root system - until mid -April and the second half of September - early November. The best option is seedlings in a container or with a packed earthen lump. The landing pit should be prepared in advance.

It should be remembered that young plants in the first two winters can suffer from sunburn, so you need protection from draining winds and bright sun at the end of winter. The care of a spruce of ordinary varieties and forms of an ordinary spruce is diverse, very winter -hardy with rare exceptions, some have features in care, but most often basic knowledge is that the plants develop and grow beautiful, healthy and durable.

The soil of the ordinary spruce develops better on moderately wet, well -drained, sufficiently fertile soils. Ideally, slightly acidic rich loam. Some varieties need a slightly alkaline soil reaction, but in general, they ate well on slightly acidic and neutral soils. On poor sandy soils, when planting in pits, clay and humus in the ratio of lighting are added to the majority of varieties well tolerate straight solar lighting, but in the first two winters, dwarf forms need shading.

Many varieties are tolerant to the shadows, but the beautiful shape of the crown is formed only in sufficient sunlight. Watering in nature an ordinary spruce grows on moderately wet soils, although many spruces are found in mountainous areas, where there are not so many moisture. However, when landing, all spruce varieties need high -quality watering, especially in the first year.

After planting watering is needed once a week at the rate of 10 - 12 liters of water for a seedling with a height of not more than 1.5 m high. In hot weather in the evening or morning hours, a shower has a beneficial effect. To preserve moisture, the trunk circles can be mulched with a thick layer of bark or sawdust of conifers. After a year or two, most varieties of the common spruce no longer need watering, although they react well to a water shower on hot days.

The most important condition for good wintering of young plants is moisture -free watering. Whatever raw autumn, in October, under each coniferous tree you need to pour at least 20 - 30 liters of water into small plants and 50 liters per meter of the height of the crown. Fertilizers during planting use phosphorus-potassium fertilizers and lying sawdust of conifers.

No manure or fresh compost, however, like any nitrogen fertilizer, as well as ash. Under the dwarf varieties, it is permissible in the landing pit to put half a bucket of well -ripened compost. Foreigning on fertile soils in the first 2 to 3 years after planting ate do not need top dressing. In the future, special fertilizers are added to the trunk circles.

When yellowing and falling needles, as well as in the first year, it is useful to spray the crown with solutions of epin and ferrovit. Propagation of spruce spruce can be propagated in three ways.